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C F S
- Information International Cytokines and CFS/ FM
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Cytokines
Cytokines are mediators of
immune activation, and Tumor Necrosis factor-alpha (TFN-alpha) activates the immune system producing an illness
resembling CFS (fatigue, cognitive complaints, pain, sleep disturbance and
depression), raison.etal05.txt. One
explanation for CFS is the overproduction of this particular cytokine, birchler.etal.press07.txt. Very
importantly, TNF-alpha may act differently in the brain compared to the
body, news, Sibson, 2002. TFN-alpha has been linked to
Alzheimer’s disease, tobinick07.txt and
has profound influence on circadian sleep-regulation, cavadini.etal.press07.txt. Cytokines & CFS /FM symptomsCytokines are involved in
symptoms connected with physical exercise, Shephard, 2002.
At a 2001-meeting the CDC concluded that the overproduction of cytokines may
be the cause of CFS symptoms, cytokines.overprod01.txt. A later study concludes the
opposite: Postinfective Fatigue Syndrome is Not associated with altered
cytokine production, vollmer-conna.etal07.txt,
vollmer-conna.etal07.pdf. Although cortisol responses to
stress were normal, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in CFS patients were
significantly attenuated, gaab.etal04.txt, gaab.etal04.pdf. In a pilot study on the effect
of activity and exercise, elevated concentrations of plasma transforming
growth factor beta (TGF-ß) was found, white.etal05.txt,
white.etal05.pdf. Cytokines
correlate with FM symptoms, bazzichi.etal07.txt.
tander.etal07.txt. Serum
ghrelin levels but not GH, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels are altered in patients
with FM, tander.etal07.txt. An Increased
Levels of Neurotrophins Are Not Specific for Chronic Migraine: Evidence from
Primary FM, sarchielli.etal07.txt. Analysis
of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production in severely fatigued
adolescents compared to individuals with CFS, ter.wolbeek.etal07.txt,
ter.wolbeek.etal.07.txt, ter.wolbeek.etal07.pdf. Parvovirus and hep C mimic CFS/ FMSymptoms caused by certain
viral infections are similar to those of CFS /FM, e.g. parvovirus B19, kerr.tyrrell03.pdf and Hepatitis C, thompson.barkhuizen03.pdf.
Pain and cytokines
Widespread pain may be
correlated with reduced antiinflammatory cytokines, uceyler.etal06.txt. Fatigue and cytokines
The connection of fatigue with
a group of cytokines, type I interferons, Englebienne et al., 2003 (short), Englebienne et al., 2003 and Englebienne et al., 2003 (pdf). Cytokines in blood cells
No increased production of IL-6 and IL-1b in monocytes, Kashipaz et al., 2003. Increased sensitivity to DHEA-inhibited Il-10
production in CFS cell cultures,
Visser et al., 2001. A Turkish 2002-study found IL-8 increased
in FM and related to pain intensity, Gur
et al., 2002. High levels of type 2 ( Cytokines in nasal fluids and skin
One study found no indication
of inflammation in CFS sinuitis, Repka-Ramirez etal., 2002. However,
locally in skin activated cytokines are found in many FM patients, Salemi et al., 2002. Cytokines tested for treatment
Results on Il-6 treatment of
FM, Torpy et al., 2000. Il-6
treatment of CFS patients offered no improvement of cognitive
functioning,
Arnold et al., 2002.
Varies studies on CFS & cytokines
Dr. Natelson's group in New Jersey, reviewed studies
on cytokines in CFS using the neural-network classifiers, and found that one
cytokine (Il-4) made a difference,
Hanson et al., 2001. |
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